Description: This paper describes methods adapted to the computer for calculating premiums and nonforfeiture values separately for each policy at its original issue and for as many changes in the policy as may be made later. It also discusses current insurance law, underwriting, substandard issues, dividends and sales illustrations. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1976, Vol. 28.

Description: This presentation is a concurrent session from the 1980 Meeting of the Society of Actuaries, held April 14-15 in Hartford, Connecticut. The panelists discuss basic concepts, such as definition and reasons for risk classification, availability vs. pricing class, equality vs. equity -special interest groups, appropriate factors for classification, and controllable vs. non-controllable factors. They also discuss American Academy of Actuaries work on risk classification, regulation, future company practice, including preferred risk, non-smoker, guaranteed issue etc., substandard practices, reinsurance, changing trends in underwriting, privacy laws, and related topics. Discussion from participants is included. From the Record of Society of Actuaries, Volume 6, No. 1.