Description: An updated and expanded translation of the 1863 Theory of Life Insurance Premium Reserves by Dr. August Zillmer, Stettin, Prussia. This is a seminal paper for the life insurance reserve method used extensively in Europe.

Description: This paper discusses the determination of term insurance reserves in the United States for individual life insurance policies. A valuation method that appears to produce better results than the net level premium reserve or the CRVM is the changing premium valuation method CPVM. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1978, Vol. 30.