Description: This is a study on the Nesbitt formula and the variants to this formula.

Description: It has been twenty years since DeWit 1982 first applied fuzzy logic FL to insurance. That article sought to quantify the fuzziness in underwriting. Since then, the universe of discourse has expanded considerably and now the FL methodologies include used fuzzy set theory, fuzzy numbers and fuzzy arithmetic, fuzzy inference systems, fuzzy clustering algorithms, fuzzy linear programming, fuzzy regression, and hybrids involving other soft computing technologies. This article presents an overview of these studies.

Description: The yield rate is that effective rate of interest at which the present value of his expenditures is equal to the present value of his returns. This paper encourages students of Theory of Interest class to try to approach yield rate problems by starting with the definition of yield found in Steve Kellison's text.

Description: While we agree with the conclusions expressed by Silver and Hedges The Classical Definition of Compound Interest is Adequate by Murray Silver and Bob Hedges, ARCH 1981.2, we do not believe the theorem follows from the stated Axiom. We present an alternative proof which uses only the accumulation function and not the force of interest.

Description: Non-consequentiality is quite consequential for the claims made for the applicability of Risk Theory RT to decision problems that are not transparently tactical or wholly instrumental. On the negative side, RT is not normative or even a complete heuristic in such contexts. The author takes strong exception to the common tendencies, A to link risk theory with welfarism and versions of utilitarianism, and B to claim that with or without but especially with such linkage RT is normative in both moral and rational analysis, choice and action.