Description: This section consists of the following reports, Activities of the Subcommittee on Variable Contracts of the ALC-LIAA Actuarial Committee, Alternate Routes, and Recent Mortality under Individual Immediate Annuities. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1969, Vol. 21, Pt. 2, No. 61.

Description: In the insurance industry, machine learning models are increasingly used to make decisions that affect people's lives. In order to ensure that models are fair, they should be audited for bias. There are no hard and fast rules for bias audit; metrics that can be used to evaluate fairness vary depending on the context in which the model is deployed. In this session, we present a flexible framework that highlights key considerations in bias evaluation that can be adjusted to suit your process. In this session, we will learn about different metrics to assess fairness, discuss open source tools that can be used for bias audit, and walk through a case study.

Description: This session from the 1992 Valuation Actuary Symposium covers recoverability and loss recognition including using cash flow testing to determine loss recognition or recoverability, actuarial standard of practice 14, and valuation work by line of business or issue-year groups.