Description: Institutional investors such as pension plans and insurance companies have enjoyed strong equity returns for a length of time with few historical precedents. Nearly a decade after the end of the financial crisis, strategies to provide downside protection remain expensive and the performance of traditional risk-managed funds has disappointed investors.

Description: 1992 SOA Regional Meeting, Anaheim. In this panel discussion of the evaluation of the adequacy of capital, the speakers addressed the NAIC risk-based capital proposal, rating agency techniques, and valuation actuary views.