Description: This paper provides some background about demography, health and retirement summarizes how current pension laws influence the design of pension plans and the timing of retirement and looks at the optimal retirement age from the perspective of employers, government and workers.

Description: Presented at Living to 100 and Beyond symposium 2002. Discussion of two papers, 'Approaches and Experiences in Projecting Mortality Patterns for the Oldest Old' by Buettner and 'Using Dynamic Reliability in Estimating Mortality at Advanced Ages' by Lin. The first paper discusses the UN methodology for projecting mortality above age 80 and presents another approach for addressing the problem of table closing. The second paper suggests a new statistical model for fitting and estimation of mortality rates at advanced ages.

Description: This paper provides the actuary with a brief overview of the subject, along with references for those interested in conducting their own review. It surveys current research, reviews what has been learned so far, and looks at future possibilities.

Description: Discussion of paper presented at Living to 100 symposium January 2002. This is the reply to the discussion of author's paper.

Description: Discussion among experts. From 2005 Living to 100 and Beyond Monograph, M-LI05-1.

Description: Expert discussion of three previous papers: Makeham-Type Mortality Models Mumpar-Victoria, An Extreme Value Analysis of Advanced Age Mortality Data Robertson, and Living to 100 and Beyond: An Extreme Value Study Han. From 2005 Living to 100 and Beyond Monograph, M-LI05-1.

Description: Presented at Living to 100 Symposium, January 2011. This paper explores the select period and the wealth effect at older ages, and also examines mortality rates for three distinct senior populations: 1. the U.S. population, through an annual sample of the Medicare database of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2. the life settlement population of an independent life settlement underwriter, 21st Services LLC, and 3. the population implied by the Society of Actuaries' 2008 Valuation Basic Tables VBT.

Description: This is the author's reply to Dr. Kingkade's discussion of the referenced paper. The author supplies written citations to old age and indicates he does not believe in any fixed limit to the human lifespan.

Description: Using Taiwan Complete Life Tables as the data source, a model is developed using reliability theory and the results of the proposed model are compared to Gompertz’s law.

Description: This is the informal discussion transcript for concurrent Session 6B: The Changing Face of Elder Care from the January 4-6, 2017 Living to 100 Symposium.