Description: This article shows a different form of the Black-Scholes formula for European calls and puts under risk-neutral assumptions, that permits a comfortable verbal interpretation. The derivation of this alternative form appears at the end of the article.

Description: Appendix to the Critical Review of Stochastic Simulation Literature and Applications for Health Actuaries. The Development of a Simulation Model of Primary Prevention Strategies for Coronary Heart Disease

Description: Summary of all issue articles, with theme of recognizing limits of classical actuarial methods.

Description: This paper is from the Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1956 Volume 8, Number 20. It was presented at the 1956 Spring Meetings of the Society of Actuaries for discussion. The author presents an outline of how difficulties in the determination of a frequency distribution of the expected costs may be overcome by, in part, applying the concept of using a series of random numbers with a view of making mortality studies for each life in a group of annuitants. The paper also presents the results of some experiments which were designed to discover whether or not the concept could be conducted on an IBM 650 electronic data processing machine.

Description: Panelists discuss the methods HMOs employ to measure their providers' quality of care, outcomes, compliance with best practice guidelines, and cost control. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Vol. 25, No. 2.

Description: This article is a book review of “Two Stochastic Processes,” by John A. Beekman. The author of this article notes that the two stochastic processes referred to in the book are the Gaussian Markov and the collective risk stochastic processes, and that both the theory and applications are examined. Note: a more detailed review of this book will appear in the Transactions.

Description: The U.S. actuarial profession is debating whether to introduce Dynamic Solvency Testing DST in the United States and what role it should take in the regulatory process. This article offers some insight into how the DST has fared in Canada, what issues have emerged since it was introduced, and how the DST will evolve differently in the United States.

Description: Presenter offers ways in which actuaries might set credibility levels to be used by underwriters to set group health insurance expected benefits. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Vol. 24, No. 2.

Description: Article Society Seminars by Adams in The Actuary, February 1979, Volume 13, Number 2

Description: In this paper, chapter III of the 1987 Valuation Actuary Handbook, the authors discuss building a liability model to evaluate the C-3 risk. The article discusses the data and assumptions needed, and the importance of sensitivity testing given that the model results are very sensitive to the assumptions used.