Description: This report discusses the use of a basic table of net annual claim costs for hospital and surgical expense insurance as adopted by the NAIC in 1956 to be used as a minimum reserve standard for loss-of-time benefits. It is the intention of this paper to outline the characteristics of the table, to discuss the factors which influence reserve considerations, and to describe suitable methods of determining active and disabled life reserves for the types of benefit provisions now most generally offered. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1965, Vol. 17, Pt. 1, No. 49.

Description: This paper is from Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1955 Volume 7, Number 17. The author notes that recent advances in calculating equipment make possible producing graduations much more elaborate than any done previously. The paper confines itself to the problem of graduating a single column of rates, such as an ultimate column, using a Whittaker-Henderson B graduation of the fourth order. The author provides a detailed description of the process with significant mathematical theory.