Description: This panel discussed studies of the risk of loss due to changes in the interest rate environment. It addressed why the C-3 risk is important and how inflation and stability in interest rates can affect the financial soundness of life insurance companies. There was also a discussion of the theoretical work being carried out to calibrate the C-3 risk of variation in interest rates and to what extent the valuation actuary can properly recognize the risk of loss from changes in the interest rate environment within the framework of valuations laws and regulations.

Description: This paper examined two interrelated aspects of federal income taxation of life insurance companies. First, a common-sense approach to the Life Insurance Company Income Tax Act of 1959 was developed. Second, marginal tax rates for Phase III companies was developed.