Description: Feature article discussing numerical short cuts, rules of thumb, estimators, modeling tips, etc. The featured problem is fitting the intermediate points for a real-world stochastic model of interest rates.

Description: An overview of guaranteed lifetime withdrawal benefits (GLWB) on registered index-linkedannuity (RILA) products and a stochastic analysis of market risks.

Description: In this article the author cautions against the temptation to extend stochastic modeling into areas of unpredictable parameters and probabilities. He challenges actuaries to rely on their own judgment.

Description: The article warns against treating the results of a stochastic model with more deference than other actuarial analysis, and describes some hidden risks involved with choice of model and calibration.

Description: The article and guidebook of the same name use a stochastic simulation model to examine potential impacts of public pension plan risk-sharing policies on government employers and plan members. Policies examined include simple policies such as COLAs and employee contributions that are contingent upon investment returns or funded ratios, and more-complex policies similar to those used in the Wisconsin Retirement System.

Description: This article is based on an excerpt from a Milliman Research Report on universal life insurance with secondary guarantees, ULSG. It discusses stochastic profit analysis and the impact of investment volatility of two common variants of ULSGs - level specified premium and single-fund shadow account designs.

Description: A classical risk model with a multi-layer premium rate is considered in this paper. In the two-layer case, an explicit expression is obtained for the joint distribution of the maximal surplus up to ruin, the surplus immediately before ruin and the deficit at ruin. Such an expression involves some known results on the joint distribution at ruin for a risk model with a constant premium rate. In the multi-layer case, a scheme is proposed to compute its ruin probability.

Description: Commentary on practical observations resulting from constructing and running Economic Capital models. Possible standardization of assumptions and result interpretation are morphing even though use of E.C. models has now been around for years.

Description: The direct and indirect effects of the pandemic have impacted many actuaries’ work since the spring of 2020. This article addresses three considerations actuaries should account for when using risk evaluation models which are focused on projecting remote, highly unlikely losses: model effectiveness, asset risk, and insurance (mortality and mortality) risk.

Description: Summary of the SOA research project on PBR Simplified Methods. Describes the multi-risk scenario generator, central estimate assumptions, assumption objectivity measures, and regulatory demonstrations per VM-20.