Description: Summary of the results of the 2011 Life Reinsurance Survey. Included are US and Canadian individual life results for recurring, portfolio and retrocession reinsurance.

Description: Reinsurance reduces the required capital of the primary insurer but increases that of the reinsurer. Capital is costly. All capital costs, including that of the insurer and the reinsurer, are ultimately borne by primary policyholders. Reducing the total capital of insurers and reinsurers brings down the total capital cost and the total primary policy premium. A reinsurance arrangement is considered optimal—if it minimizes the total required capital. This optimal reinsurance is an attracting equilibrium under price competition. Evidence suggests an inverse relationship between the total required capital and the correlation between the losses held by different insurers and reinsurers. Examples are constructed to examine this and other properties of the optimal reinsurance.

Description: An essay suggesting a health care financing system.

Description: Latest outlook on the market size and recent trends associated with the U.S. and Canada Life Reinsurance markets. The SOA Life Reinsurance Survey is an annual survey that exhibits individual and group life data from U.S. and Canadian life reinsurers. Survey results are based on financial information self-reported by reinsurance entities and include new business production and inforce figures.

Description: Feature article asking seven questions raised by the IASB’s and FASB’s recent changes to the insurance contracts accounting standard.

Description: Article builds on similar article in January 2002 issue and presents brief discussion on extra stop-loss risk. Health Section News, June 2002, Issue 46

Description: Contains two separate articles, called notes. The first note, “A note on correlation in mean variance portfolio theory,” is an elementary discussion of how negative correlation coefficients can be, given any set of N random variables. The second note, “Two essential formulas in actuarial science and financial mathematics,” gives a more or less self-contained introduction to Jensen’s inequality and to another formula, which the author decided to call the “survival function expectation formula.”

Description: A checklist for treaty preparations and review of a standard life Reinsurance Agreement. This document covers the purpose of each provision, the common elements, common variations and problems that may arise.

Description: Feature article that gives an update on Reinsurance Administration Professionals Association (RAPA) activities.

Description: Enacted pursuant to the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) , the base erosion and anti-abuse tax (BEAT) is one of the most dramatic changes to the U.S. international tax landscape in recent years. The BEAT is essentially a minimum tax which applies to certain large U.S. and foreign corporations with U.S. operations with average annual gross receipts of at least $500 million and a base erosion percentage of 3 percent or higher (with some exceptions).