Description: This paper discusses some powerful uses of recursive functions, including: 1. Universal life, both for the calculation of target premiums and reserves. 2. Paid-up Rider. Recursive functions can directly determine a premium that precisely matures the rider. 3. Traditional Whole Life. Reserves can be efficiently calculated when needed instead of referring to a table of stored factors. From Actuarial Research Clearing House 1993, VOL. 3.

Description: This is the abstract of a paper that builds on previous work concerned with measuring equity, and considers the problem of using observed claim data or other information to arrive at premiums which maximize equity. When these optimal premiums are used, it is shown that gathering more information or refining the risk classification must always increase equity.

Description: The purpose of this paper is to trace the change in Canadian company expenses, comparing the six postwar years 1946 to 1951 with the prewar year 1939. Includes costs per policy and as percentage of premium, and also compares to expected costs. Expenses by company size are also shown.

Description: Discusses the reasons for changing emphasis on reserve strengthening programs and looks at methods adopted to emphasize the reserve character of undistributed surplus.

Description: This 1981 session focused on issues related to term life insurance. Topics included 1. Term life insurance products in the 1980's 2. Assumptions and experience 3. Term insurance marketing and distribution including sales compensation approaches.

Description: Panel discussion session on universal life examining marketing strategy, product line management, replacement programs, federal income taxes from three different viewpoints, mutual company, stock company, and Canadian company

Description: This appendix II Report on the Life and Annuity Living Benefits Survey provides supplemental information for the Report on Life and Annuity Living Benefit Riders: Considerations for Insurers and Resinsurers. Appendix A gives a list of 34 participants and Appendix B provides a glossary of terms used in the report. The report utilizes a literature review, company survey, company interviews and/or other methods to catalog a listing of common living benefit riders. It was sponsored by the Product Development and Reinsurance Sections along with the Committee on Life Insurance Research.

Description: Report summarizing the results of the 2015 PBITT UL with Secondary Guarantees Survey

Description: This is a report on Phase 2 of a research project on the role of automated systems in life insurance underwriting. This paper discusses: 1. How and why companies are using automation to make underwriting decisions. 2. Its impact upon operational efficiency, sales, and retention. 3. The quality of risk selection produced by automated systems. 4. Cultural acceptance of increased automation in underwriting. 5. Challenges insurers must overcome to implement and maintain automated underwriting.

Description: This report summarizes the results of a Delphi study to identify and debate possible new approaches or Blue Ocean Strategies to acquiring business by life insurers.